The Atlantic coast from Cape Cod to Sandy Hook embraces part of the coast of Massachusetts and all of the coasts of Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New York. To the mariner this area presents problems of unusual difficulty because of the off-lying shoals, strong and variable currents, large amounts of fog, and turbulence of wind and sea in the great storms that so frequently sweep it. Additionally, the mariner is faced with the great volume of waterborne traffic that moves through the area to and from the Port of New York.